At present, all countries in the world are actively developing various new energy sources and various energy-saving technologies, such as wind energy, mixed fuel, ethanol, solar energy, hydrogen energy, wave power generation, underground energy, garbage gas and so on. After retiring from the post of President Jiang Zemin, he also proposed in the article "Thinking about China's Energy Issues" that the national level should pay more attention and input to many emerging energy fields such as nuclear energy, wind energy and solar energy.
1 Distribution of solar energy resources in China
According to the data provided by the International Power Network, from the distribution of total solar radiation in the country, Tibet, Qinghai, Xinjiang, southern Inner Mongolia, Shanxi, northwest Shaanxi, Hebei, Shandong, Liaoning, western Jilin, central and southwest Yunnan, Guangdong The total amount of solar radiation in the southeast, the southeastern part of Fujian, the eastern and western parts of Hainan Island, and the southwestern part of Taiwan Province is large. Especially in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, where the average altitude is above 4000m, the atmosphere is thin and clean, with good transparency, low latitude and long sunshine hours. Lhasa, known as the “Sunlight Cityâ€, has an average annual sunshine duration of 3005.7 hours, a relative sunshine of 68%, and a total solar radiation of 816 kJ/cm2·a.
2 Status and analysis of solar energy use in Panzhihua City
According to the authoritative data of the National Meteorological Administration, Panzhihua is the most abundant place for heat resources in Sichuan. The sunshine is sufficient, the annual sunshine time is about 2838h, the frost-free period is more than 300 days, and the annual average temperature is 20.6 degrees. Even in winter, it is often sunny and high-light, which is national development. One of the best areas to use solar energy, second only to Lhasa.
2.1 Solar water heaters in Panzhihua City have become a popular choice for residents. A number of solar water heaters have been installed on the roof of many residents of Panzhihua. Under the unremitting efforts of the Panzhihua Municipal Government, the proportion of solar energy installed by the current households has reached 40%, making it one of the best cities in the country to use solar energy.
However, there are also many problems with the use of solar energy. The solar energy equipment of solar water heaters is generally installed on the roof, which is not very beautiful; the floor is low, and it will reflect on the nearby high-rise buildings, causing light pollution; the exposed water pipes often leak water; as the city scales up, the high-rise buildings are pulled out. From the ground up, most developers do not allow solar installations on the top floor, and many households still use gas water heaters or electric water heaters.
In fact, as long as the planning is proper, led by the planning and construction department, unified layout installation or approval for monitoring installation, the use of solar water heaters can not only ease the pressure of gas and electric energy supply in our city, but also low carbon and environmental protection. If there are conditions, the central solar control device can be installed in a relatively scientific way in some reasonable places, converting solar energy into electrical energy in the storage battery, and then providing it to the corridor, aisle, and special bypass device. Public areas such as roads in small districts, as well as indoor lighting and other electricity, will greatly reduce the electricity consumption in urban areas. A few years ago, the Panzhihua Municipal Government had considered using a split-type approach to the use of solar energy in high-rise buildings, so that old houses and homes had to be installed with solar installations, but for various reasons, they have not been implemented. In addition, solar energy stoves are also a good way to live a low-carbon life, using solar energy to convert electricity into electricity or directly into heat, electromagnetic or thermal to drive heating or even high temperature, can achieve the purpose of cooking.
2.2 Panzhihua City solar lighting facilities gradually came into being. Project Case 1: According to the Panzhihua Daily reported in July 2006: No. 2 road lighting project in Panzhihua Industrial Park. This section of the road belongs to the second grade of urban secondary roads, and semi-cut-off light fixtures should be used. Due to the small number of vehicles and pedestrians entering the park at night, the street lights required for the entire line are 294 在 when the minimum illumination and brightness are met. The comparison of the economic benefits of ordinary lighting and solar lighting for this section is as follows: As far as the product itself is concerned, solar LED lamps are more expensive than ordinary lamps; the first investment in high-grade solar street lamps is 715,000 yuan higher than ordinary street lamps, medium and low-grade solar energy. Street lights are similar to ordinary street lights.
Operating costs, ordinary lamps are significantly higher than solar lamps, and electricity, labor, etc. will be higher and higher. According to the 10-year total investment calculation (including daily maintenance and power consumption), solar street lamps save 3.5576 million yuan than ordinary street lamps. Project Case 2: According to the Sichuan Workers Daily reported in June 2009: Solar street lights installed in Binjiang Avenue and Bingren Line of Panzhihua City are currently in use. The solar streetlights in this section of the road have also become the focus of public attention. Solar street lights can use the lighting function without the need to consume one degree of electricity in the power grid. The solar panels on the solar street lamps convert solar energy into electrical energy and store it until dark or rainy, and then release the electricity for illumination.
3 solar LED lighting analysis
3.1 Analysis of the market status of solar led lamps. Compared with the internationally booming photovoltaic power generation, China lags behind developed countries for 10-15 years. China's optoelectronics industry is growing at an annual rate of 30%. The 2008 Olympic Games is held in Beijing. The country's call for building a new socialist countryside and a hard target of 20% energy decline in the next five years will provide unprecedented opportunities for the solar industry, plus the country's The preferential policies for the development and utilization of renewable resources have been implemented. Under such a good industry, the whole society and the country will have large output as long as they have small investments.
Urban lighting embodies the image of a city, reflecting the scientific management of a city and is a social system engineering. Solar LED lamps are favored by people for their superior energy-saving effect and humanistic light source lighting control. Their cost performance and power frequency AC lamps are basically the same, and they have the characteristics of not damaging the environment and not consuming non-renewable energy, as long as the light source is sufficient. There is a market for the development and application of solar LED lamps.
3.2 The development trend of solar LED lamps. Solar energy development is mainly in three directions, namely solar photovoltaic power generation, solar cells and solar water heaters. In terms of energy saving of lamps, development has also been rapid in recent years. In addition to commonly used energy-saving lamps, LED lamps have also been developed. LED lights are cold light sources, which are more energy efficient than energy-saving lamps. The combination of LED technology and solar energy will surely become the trend of public lighting design in the future.
3.3 Characteristics of solar LED lamps. 1) Low cost: high brightness, low power consumption, low solar cell and battery pack configuration, and low cost. 2) Long life: The quality guarantee period of monocrystalline or polycrystalline silicon solar modules is 20 years. After 20 years, the battery components can continue to be used, but the power generation is slightly reduced. The ultra-bright white LED has a service life of up to 100,000 hours, and the intelligent controller has low static power consumption and long service life. 3) Reliable and stable: Monocrystalline silicon or polycrystalline silicon solar modules are resistant to typhoon, moisture, and ultraviolet radiation. 4) Unattended: no management is required in operation, and the perfect intelligent control system gives users enough peace of mind. 5) Power supply for more than 10 hours: The system is designed with local rainy weather in mind, and the average excess power is stored in the battery to ensure that the user has enough power for continuous rainy days. 6) The use of solar LED lamps does not require the installation or embedding of power lines; the power of the grid is not required; it does not require a lot of manpower and material maintenance.
In today's energy shortage, solar energy resources are worthy of research and development, with broad market prospects, new energy sources plus the most energy-efficient lamps, is undoubtedly a perfect combination. Of course, while we are striving to develop and use new energy sources, we should promote energy conservation. After all, the cleanest and cheapest energy source is energy.
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