The sound reinforcement system design usually starts from the sound field design and gradually advances backwards to the power amplifier, sound processing, mixing console and sound source. Because the sound field design is the basis for meeting the functions and sound effects of the system. Therefore, this design step of pushing backwards is very necessary.
(1) Sound supply scheme for indoor sound reinforcement system
The sound solution is selected according to the function of use, the size of the room, and the size of the service area.
1. Centralized sound supply (point sound source for sound)
Advantages: It can effectively reduce the interference between sound sources, with clear sound quality, consistent viewing direction, natural listening sound and uniform sound field.
Disadvantages: The sound energy loss is large, it is not suitable for rooms with low space and long and narrow rooms. The height of the speaker suspension of the centralized sound system should not be lower than 8~10m, otherwise the sound field is not easy to be uniform.
2. Decentralized sound supply
Suitable for rooms with narrow rooms, low heights, rooms with long reverberation time or tunnel sound reinforcement systems.
Advantages: uniform sound field and less loss of sound energy.
Disadvantages: Inconsistent audio-visual, large interference between sound sources, especially in the overlapping areas of the two sound sources covered with poor sound quality....
Second, sound reinforcement system classification
(1) Classification by job
1. Sound reinforcement system: The microphone and the speaker are in the same sound field, there is a condition that the acoustic feedback is self-excited, and the sound gain is limited.
2. Sound system: only sound sources such as decks and CD players, there is no acoustic feedback condition, which is a special case of sound reinforcement system.
(2) Classification by purpose
1. Outdoor sound reinforcement system: stadium, art square, music fountain, large-scale mobile performances, etc.
Features: wide space, large service area, large background noise, and affected by the reflection of surrounding buildings. Directly speaking, there is no reverberation sound, and when the reflection sound delay exceeds 50ms (17m), there will be heavy or echo, which will affect the sound clarity and sound image localization. Acoustic effects (especially musical fountains) are also affected by climatic conditions, wind direction and environmental disturbances.
2. Indoor sound reinforcement system: various theaters, gymnasiums and dance halls.
Features: Professionalism is very strong, the system configuration is different with different functions, and the sound construction conditions have a great influence on the sound effect.
3. Mobile Performance System: A system commonly used for large-scale performances and temporary installations.
Features: Audio equipment must be compact, easy to transport and install, and the environment is demanding. The system investment is large.
4. Public Address System (PA): Stations, airports, subways, ports, schools, hotels, broadcast programs and background music, and also serve as fire emergency broadcasts.
Features: Many functions are used, the sound effect is not demanding, the transmission distance is long, and the constant voltage transmission is adopted.
5. Conference systems: conference centres, teleconferencing, videoconferencing and digital conferencing systems.
Features: Improve meeting efficiency, clear voice, no noisy, multi-function (conference discussion system, voting system and simultaneous interpretation system, including video synchronization video recording and conference delegate identification, etc.).
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