The quality of LED materials is critical for ensuring the safety and reliability of LED products. Unfortunately, many raw material suppliers prioritize profit over quality, cutting corners or using substandard materials. This can lead to significant performance issues, impacting product standards and quality. Material analysis technologies like FTIR, TGA, and DSC help maintain consistency by identifying material composition and thermal properties effectively.
Polymer materials can vary significantly in performance even when they appear similar externally. Small changes in composition can degrade performance or affect product quality. For evaluating polymer materials, FTIR, TGA, and DSC are commonly used tools.
1. **Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR):** FTIR uses Fourier Transform to analyze the characteristic absorption bands of molecular groups. Each substance has a unique fingerprint based on its group structure and arrangement.
2. **Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA):** TGA measures how the mass of a sample changes with temperature. It helps identify decomposition stages, such as moisture evaporation or polymer breakdown.
3. **Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC):** DSC evaluates energy changes in a sample compared to a reference. It’s useful for determining melting points, crystallinity, and phase transitions.
**Case Study:** A client sent two batches of thermally conductive plastics, A and B, where batch A had cracking issues. The goal was to determine if the materials were consistent.
**FTIR Analysis:** Both A and B tested as PA (polyamide) materials. However, the intensity of the carbonyl C=O absorption peak at 1735 cm-1 differed significantly, suggesting inconsistencies.
**DSC Analysis:** The DSC curves showed notable differences. Batch A had an unusual endothermic peak at 139°C, while B did not, indicating potential differences in thermal history or material composition.
**TGA Analysis:** The TGA curves also varied. Batch A showed a third-order degradation, whereas B showed a fourth-order degradation. Additionally, the weight loss rates differed, further confirming inconsistency.
**Conclusion:** Combining FTIR, DSC, and TGA analyses, it was concluded that the two batches of thermally conductive plastics were not consistent. These findings underscore the importance of rigorous material testing to ensure product reliability and safety.
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