With the continuous and rapid development of the LED application market, the continuous expansion of the application range has also led to a continuous increase in product requirements. This function of LED brightness adjustment in LED terminal products is also very necessary. It is also the current link such as LED lamps and displays.
Today, LED lighting has become a mainstream technology. This technology is becoming more and more mature. One of the signs is the introduction of a large number of LED lighting standards and specifications. Strict efficiency requirements have existed for quite some time and will continue to increase in the future. However, in recent days, the work of LED lighting designers has become more intractable, because at the same time meet the following two requirements: both to achieve dimming control functions with dimmers for incandescent lamps, but also to achieve high power factor performance The adjustment of LED brightness is mainly divided into analog dimming and PWM dimming. The following will introduce LED dimming.
Dimming is a very common feature of lighting systems. For incandescent lamps, it can be easily implemented at low cost. The dimming of LED lights is difficult, but for architects and residential users, the advantages of dimming control may not be lost when switching to LED lighting. This involves many related knowledge of LED lighting.
Power factor is a very important factor because high power factor can reduce the loss of the distribution network. The most effective way to reduce the impact of electricity use on the environment is to reduce waste, so regulators around the world are further tightening their power factor specifications. One example is Energy Star's solid-state lighting energy efficiency specification (09/12/07), which states that residential lighting products should have a power factor (PF) greater than 0.7, and commercial lighting products should have a power factor (PF) greater than 0.9.
LED lighting dimming method is the most important and common three, these three dimming skills are based on the LED drive current input to adjust the light. According to different circuit systems can also be divided into analog dimming and PWM dimming.
The first one: This dimming method is to complete the dimming of the LED lamp by modulating the LED driving current. Since the brightness of the LED chip is in proportion to the LED driving current, we can adjust the LED driving current to control the LED lamp. Bright and light.
Second: This dimming method is called an imitation dimming method or a linear dimming method. The advantage of the dimming method is that when the driving current linearly increases or decreases, the influence of the driving current overshoot on the lifetime of the LED chip is reduced, and the dimming circuit has strong nuisance resistance. The defect is that the process of changing the magnitude of the drive current must have a certain influence on the color temperature of the LED chip.
Third: This dimming method is called pulse width modulation (PWM). This method is adjusted so that the drive current is square wave-shaped, its pulse width is variable, the modulation of the pulse width is converted into the time for modulating the LED lamp to continuously light, and the input power is also changed at the same time so as to achieve energy saving and dimming. aims. The frequency is about 200 Hz to 10 KHz, as usual; because of the lag of the human eye vision, it does not feel the brilliance of the light source during the dimming process. The advantage of this dimming method is that it can improve the heat dissipation performance of the LED. The defect is that the overshoot of the driving current definitely has a certain influence on the life of the LED chip.
In general, analog dimming can usually be achieved simply. However, the characteristics of the LED light are shifted with the average driving current. For monochromatic LEDs, the dominant wavelength will change. For white LEDs, their associated color temperature (CCT) changes. Dimming with PWM ensures that the LED emits the designer's desired color. PWM dimming can also improve the output current accuracy. Analog dimming with linear adjustment reduces the accuracy of the output current. In general, PWM dimming can be more accurate than linearly controlled light output relative to analog dimming.
In terms of energy saving, there is no comparable. Because PWM is a measure of current (light intensity) in the case of CCT and color, analog dimming does not exist. If you want to sacrifice this prerequisite to consider energy conservation, you need to measure the data. However, it is estimated that the PWM will have an advantage when the same illuminance is achieved.
In terms of dimming response time, PWM dimming due to its fast response and more accurate dimming. In the actual use of the most widely used.
If the LED lighting controller works with line dimming or secondary side dimming. The simplest line dimming method is the leading-edge thyristor controller. This is the most commonly used lighting control method at present, but unfortunately, using a thyristor controller to dim the LED lamp will cause a lot of problems. More advanced line dimmers are electronic leading or trailing edge dimmers. Secondary-side electronic control dimmers are used in professional lighting systems.
The SCR controller's performance in incandescent lamps is impeccable, but there are various negative effects in LED lamps, including flicker, uneven lighting, audio noise, and flickering. To understand the reason, we must first understand the working principle of thyristor dimmer.
From the applications described above, it can be seen that if the controller used can perform both power factor correction and constant current drive and phase angle detection, the isolated and non-isolated LED drivers can be designed with all The type of dimming controller achieves stable operation. In addition, the circuit can meet the efficiency, power factor, harmonics and EMI requirements of all international standards. In the past, incandescent light bulbs must be manufactured for a specific supply voltage. Now it is no longer subject to this limitation. The dimmable LED light produced can be used all over the world without any modification.
Today, LED lighting has become a mainstream technology. This technology is becoming more and more mature. One of the signs is the introduction of a large number of LED lighting standards and specifications. Strict efficiency requirements have existed for quite some time and will continue to increase in the future. However, in recent days, the work of LED lighting designers has become more intractable, because at the same time meet the following two requirements: both to achieve dimming control functions with dimmers for incandescent lamps, but also to achieve high power factor performance The adjustment of LED brightness is mainly divided into analog dimming and PWM dimming. The following will introduce LED dimming.
Dimming is a very common feature of lighting systems. For incandescent lamps, it can be easily implemented at low cost. The dimming of LED lights is difficult, but for architects and residential users, the advantages of dimming control may not be lost when switching to LED lighting. This involves many related knowledge of LED lighting.
Power factor is a very important factor because high power factor can reduce the loss of the distribution network. The most effective way to reduce the impact of electricity use on the environment is to reduce waste, so regulators around the world are further tightening their power factor specifications. One example is Energy Star's solid-state lighting energy efficiency specification (09/12/07), which states that residential lighting products should have a power factor (PF) greater than 0.7, and commercial lighting products should have a power factor (PF) greater than 0.9.
LED lighting dimming method is the most important and common three, these three dimming skills are based on the LED drive current input to adjust the light. According to different circuit systems can also be divided into analog dimming and PWM dimming.
The first one: This dimming method is to complete the dimming of the LED lamp by modulating the LED driving current. Since the brightness of the LED chip is in proportion to the LED driving current, we can adjust the LED driving current to control the LED lamp. Bright and light.
Second: This dimming method is called an imitation dimming method or a linear dimming method. The advantage of the dimming method is that when the driving current linearly increases or decreases, the influence of the driving current overshoot on the lifetime of the LED chip is reduced, and the dimming circuit has strong nuisance resistance. The defect is that the process of changing the magnitude of the drive current must have a certain influence on the color temperature of the LED chip.
Third: This dimming method is called pulse width modulation (PWM). This method is adjusted so that the drive current is square wave-shaped, its pulse width is variable, the modulation of the pulse width is converted into the time for modulating the LED lamp to continuously light, and the input power is also changed at the same time so as to achieve energy saving and dimming. aims. The frequency is about 200 Hz to 10 KHz, as usual; because of the lag of the human eye vision, it does not feel the brilliance of the light source during the dimming process. The advantage of this dimming method is that it can improve the heat dissipation performance of the LED. The defect is that the overshoot of the driving current definitely has a certain influence on the life of the LED chip.
In general, analog dimming can usually be achieved simply. However, the characteristics of the LED light are shifted with the average driving current. For monochromatic LEDs, the dominant wavelength will change. For white LEDs, their associated color temperature (CCT) changes. Dimming with PWM ensures that the LED emits the designer's desired color. PWM dimming can also improve the output current accuracy. Analog dimming with linear adjustment reduces the accuracy of the output current. In general, PWM dimming can be more accurate than linearly controlled light output relative to analog dimming.
In terms of energy saving, there is no comparable. Because PWM is a measure of current (light intensity) in the case of CCT and color, analog dimming does not exist. If you want to sacrifice this prerequisite to consider energy conservation, you need to measure the data. However, it is estimated that the PWM will have an advantage when the same illuminance is achieved.
In terms of dimming response time, PWM dimming due to its fast response and more accurate dimming. In the actual use of the most widely used.
If the LED lighting controller works with line dimming or secondary side dimming. The simplest line dimming method is the leading-edge thyristor controller. This is the most commonly used lighting control method at present, but unfortunately, using a thyristor controller to dim the LED lamp will cause a lot of problems. More advanced line dimmers are electronic leading or trailing edge dimmers. Secondary-side electronic control dimmers are used in professional lighting systems.
The SCR controller's performance in incandescent lamps is impeccable, but there are various negative effects in LED lamps, including flicker, uneven lighting, audio noise, and flickering. To understand the reason, we must first understand the working principle of thyristor dimmer.
From the applications described above, it can be seen that if the controller used can perform both power factor correction and constant current drive and phase angle detection, the isolated and non-isolated LED drivers can be designed with all The type of dimming controller achieves stable operation. In addition, the circuit can meet the efficiency, power factor, harmonics and EMI requirements of all international standards. In the past, incandescent light bulbs must be manufactured for a specific supply voltage. Now it is no longer subject to this limitation. The dimmable LED light produced can be used all over the world without any modification.
Wire Carrier & Tubular Carriers
Fabricated steel wire baskets and wire carriers are designed and manufactured using high quality steel tubing as well as sheet metal for the coiling of wire. A solid basket is often used in house for rod break-down and then used subsequently in wire drawing of large stranders for power cables. Wire carriers are used for coiling and packaging wire from wire drawing equipment, and are then used as in-house or shipping packages.
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